Important note for the use of Application Credentials or EC2 Credentials Since Application Credentials and EC2 Credentials are always tied to an OpenStack project and a user , we recommend using the OpenStack Project User when creating and using these types of credentials. The problem with using Application Credentials or EC2 Credentials in conjunction with a NWS-ID is that the credentials are only valid as long as the NWS-ID session exists in OpenStack. However, a NWS-ID session in OpenStack expires after one hour. To work around this, one could log back into OpenStack before the session expires. However, this is not a convenient solution and we therefore highly recommend using the OpenStack Project User instead.